Percolation rate to soil-loading-rate bands

A percolation (perc) test measures how fast water drops in a test hole, in minutes per inch. Faster soil carries more effluent per square foot, so it maps to a higher soil loading rate (gpd/sq ft) and a smaller drain field. These are labeled planning bands — your local health department’s own table governs, and very slow soil may not perc at all. Use them in the perc → loading and absorption area tools.

Perc rate (min/inch)SoilLoading rate (gpd/sq ft)
≤ 5Fast (sandy)1.20
6–30Moderate0.50
31–60Slow (clay)0.20
> 60Very slowmay not perc — engineered system

Labeled planning bands — the local health department’s own perc → loading table governs, and a failed perc test may require an engineered or alternative system. Absorption area = design flow ÷ loading rate.